The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) is a United Nations Human Rights Council mechanism established in 2006 to evaluate the human rights records of all 193 Member States. Conducted by a Working Group on a five-year cycle, this intergovernmental process utilizes national reports, UN data, and stakeholder input to improve human rights conditions and promote the implementation of recommendations. The reviews, which are objective and interactive, aim to enhance state capacity, encourage cooperation with human rights bodies, and ensure the universality of human rights protections. Since its independence, South Sudan has engaged in three UN Universal Periodic Review (UPR) cycles (2011, 2016, 2022), focusing on peace agreement implementation, addressing severe human rights abuses, and protecting media freedoms. While the government has accepted numerous recommendations and moved to ratify international treaties on women’s and disability rights, implementation remains hampered by political instability, economic constraints, and weak institutional capacity. The UPR process highlights a significant gap between these commitments and the ground reality, emphasizing the need for improved rule of law and accountability for security services.